"You have seen in Chapters 4 and 5 that energy and momentum methods are very useful for particular types of problems in dynamics. If the forces on an object are known functions of position, you can use the principle of work and energy to relate the change in the magnitude of the object's velocity to the change in its position. If the forces are known functions of time, you can use the principle of impulse and momentum to determine the change in the object's velocity during an interval of time. In this chapter we extend these methods to situations in which you must consider both the translational and rotational motions of objects." p367

ENERGY
THE ABILITY TO DO WORK. THE ENERGY OF THE UNIVERSE IS CONSERVED: ITS VALUE STAYS THE SAME OVER TIME.

KINETIC
PERTAINING TO MOTION OR MOVEMENT

KINETIC ENERGY
ENERGY OF MOTION

PARTICLE
AN OBJECT WITH VERY SMALL DIMENSIONS COMPARED TO ANY OTHER SYSTEM PARAMETER. ONE CAN THINK OF A PARTICLE AS LOCATED AT A POINT IN SPACE AND IGNORE ANY EFFECTS CAUSED BY THE FINITE SIZE OF THE OBJECT.

ROTATION
MOTION OF ALL PARTS OF A BODY IN CIRCLES AROUND AN AXIS.

ROTATIONAL KINETIC ENERGY
ENERGY OF MOTION THAT COMES FROM ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT.

SYSTEM OF PARTICLES

TRANSLATION

TRANSLATIONAL KINETIC ENERGY