"In Chapter 4 we transformed Newton's second law to obtain the principle of work and energy. In this chapter we integrate Newton's second law with respect to time, obtaining a relation between the time integral of the forces acting on the object and the change in the object's linear momentum. With this result, called the principle of impulse and momentum, we can determine the change in an object's velocity when the external forces are known as functions of time. By applying the principle of impulse and momentum to two or more objects, we obtain the principle of conservation of linear momentum. This conservation law allows us to analyze impacts between objects and evaluate forces exerted by continuous flows of mass, as in jet and rocket engines. By another transformation of Newton's second law, we obtain a relation between the time integral of the moments exerted on an object and the change in a quantity called angular momentum. We show that in the circumstance called central force motion, an object's angular momentum is conserved." p185

EQUATION
A MATHEMATICAL EQUALITY RELATING PARAMETERS OR MEASUREMENTS

FORCE
A PUSH OR A PULL

FORCE

IMPULSE
THE PRODUCT OF A FORCE AND THE TIME INTERVAL DURING WHICH IT ACTS.

IMPULSIVE FORCE
A LARGE FORCE OF SHORT DURATION

LINEAR
PROPERTY OF SYSTEMS WHERE THE SYSTEM OUTPUT OR RESPONSE IS IN DIRECT PROPORTION TO THE INPUT. DOUBLING THE INPUT (LOAD, FORCE, ENERGY, TENSION,...) HAS THE EFFECT OF DOUBLING THE OUTPUT (STRETCH, COMPRESSION, DISPLACEMENT,...)

LINEAR IMPULSE
A FORCE APPLIED OVER A SHORT TIME THAT CAUSES TRANSLATIONAL MOTION OF AN OBJECT.

LINEAR MOMENTUM
THIS IS A PRODUCT OF THE MASS AND VELOCITY OF A BODY (M*V) WHICH IS CONSERVED (PRESERVED) IN COLLISIONS AND INTERACTIONS AS LONG AS THE EXTERNALLY APPLIED FORCE ON THE SYSTEM IS ZERO.

MOMENT
A FORCE APPLIED TO AN OBJECT AT SOME DISTANCE FROM THE ROTATION AXIS THAT MAY CAUSE THE OBJECT TO ROTATE. THIS IS THE SAME AS A TORQUE. THE MOMENT IS CALCULATED AS THE PRODUCT OF A FORCE TIMES THE DIRSTANCE OF ITS POINT OF APPLICATION FROM THE AXIS OF ROTATION.

SCALAR
A NUMBER OR MEASUREMENT WITH ONLY A MAGNITUDE BUT NO DIRECTION

SCALAR EQUATION
AN EQUATION WRITTEN IN TERMS OF SCALAR QUANITIES (MAGNITUDE ONLY, NO DIRECTION REQUIRED)